How do you specify a language for an HTML document?

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Specifying a language for an HTML document is done using the lang attribute in the tag. This attribute helps search engines and browsers understand the primary language of the content within the document. For example, setting <html lang="en"> indicates that the document is primarily in English. This information can improve accessibility for screen readers and enhance the user experience on multilingual websites.

Utilizing the lang attribute correctly is important for localization and internationalization, allowing developers to ensure that the content is rendered appropriately based on the user's language preferences and regional settings. This attribute is a standard and widely supported method for defining the language of the whole document.

Other methods mentioned, such as using the charset attribute in a tag, are focused on defining the character encoding rather than the language itself. Similarly, attributes like type and language are either not valid for the context or deprecated in HTML5; therefore, they do not serve the purpose of specifying a language for an HTML document.

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